US & Saudi Arabia essays

US & Saudi Arabia essays In the late 40s Herbert Feis, a United States State Department analysis, determined that a certain Arab nation in the Middle East has one of the greatest material prizes in world history: oil reserves. The United States government has bargained over $100 billion in military goods, services, and Cold War-era bases, compatible with U.S. needs, in exchange for the largest importation of this Arab oil from any other nation in the world. Since the end of World War II no other middle-eastern country has had more influence, connected more ties, or assimilated more partnerships with the United States than the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has. Though the Saudi Arabian nation has been established on the Arabian Peninsula since the early 18th century, King Abdul Aziz Bin Abdul Rahman Al-Saud founded modern Saudi Arabia on September 23, 1932 under the constitution of the Holy Koran. During King Abdul Aziz Bin Abdul Rahman Al-Sauds reign the nation began a long and prosperous period of economic growth, thanks in part to the discovery of vast oil supplies located throughout the Arabian Peninsula. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia comprises almost four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula, an area approximately one-third the size of the continental United States, and contains Islamic Holy cities of Mecca and Medina. Today, Saudi Arabia is ruled by King Fahd bin Abdulaziz, who has been a strong political influence over neighboring Arab nations since his reign began. In 1988 he initiated talks to put an end to the Iraq-Iran conflict, and was one of the first members to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Also in 1990 during th e Persian Gulf conflict, he supported U.S. military action in the country in exchange for assistance in protecting the Saudi territory from being taken over by Iraq. King Fahd bin Abdulaziz has also openly showed support and backing for the Palestinian cause during the last decade. Saudi Arabi...

Guanlong Tyrannosaur Facts and Figures

Guanlong Tyrannosaur Facts and Figures Name: Guanlong (Chinese for crown dragon); pronounced GWON-long Habitat: Woodlands of Asia Historical Period: Late Jurassic (160 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 10 feet long and 100-200 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Small size; large crest on head; possibly feathers About Guanlong One of the earliest tyrannosaurs yet to be discovered, Guanlong (the name, crown dragon, alludes to this meat-eaters prominent crest) roamed eastern Asia during the late Jurassic period. Like other early theropods - such as Eoraptor and Dilong - Guanlong was nothing special in terms of size, only a fraction as large as Tyrannosaurus Rex (which lived about 90 million years later). This points to a common theme in evolution, the development of plus-sized animals from small progenitors. How do paleontologists know that Guanlong was a tyrannosaur? Clearly, this dinosaurs crest - not to mention its fairly long arms and (possibly) its coat of feathers - make it an ill-fitting match with the classic tyrannosaurs of the late Cretaceous period. The giveaway is the characteristic shape of Guanlongs teeth and pelvis, which point to its being a basal (i.e., early) member of the tyrannosaur family. Guanlong itself appears to have descended from earlier, smaller theropods known as coelurosaurs, the most prominent genus of which was Coelurus. Oddly, when Guanlong was discovered, in Chinas Shishugou formation, the paleontologists from George Washington University found two specimens lying on top of one another - one surmised to be about 12 years old, and the other about 7. Whats weird is that, as far as researchers can tell, the dinosaurs didn’t die at the same time, and theres no sign of a struggle - so how did they wind up buried together? Its still a tantalizing paleontological mystery.

Justice System in the UAE Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Justice System in the UAE - Research Paper Example † (Judicial System in Abu Dhabi par 13) on the other hand, Ras Al Khaimah does not have a Court of Cassation. The major source of law is legislation. The UAE mainly follows the system of civil law, inspired by the French and Roman legal systems as well as the Egyptian law of civil codes. The court system is generally inquisitorial, unbound by precedent and comprised of specifically skilled judicial officers. Despite being a federation of United Emirates, the judicial scheme is not all-inclusive or wide ranging, as some of the emirates have their own self-governing judicial systems. In spite of being an Islamic nation, the application of Shari’ah law is controlled and contractual as well as commercial transactions are controlled by written commercial laws and codes that can be relied upon by the needs of western businesses. The Justice system: The Justice system in the UAE is mainly based on the Constitution of the UAE? 1971 (Constitution). The federation has control over all affairs assigned to it in the Constitution. Each individual member of United Emirates has power over their own territories in all matters? rather than just the exclusive authority of the federation, as set out in the UAE Constitution. Additionally, every Emirate has a hereditary sovereign who exercises substantial control over his own Emirate. The 7 rulers, as members or associates of the Supreme Council, jointly exercise control over the UAE. The Sharia civil law systems are the chief sources of legislation (Constitution). Civil law system: The UAE functions in civil law statutes and such systems are the primary source of law. Decisions of the high courts in the UAE are not based on any decisions made by low courts. â€Å"In litigation matters, the pleadings submitted by the parties - plaints or written statements - play a determining role as the courts generally decide cases based upon them† (Latheef par 4). Every case is discussed and a decision is reached based on it s own facts and merits. Every proceeding in the court is in Arabic. All Non-Arabic documents filed in the court by appellants are to be converted into Arabic by a translator licensed by the Ministry of Justice. The Sharia: Generally, the Sharia is a body of ethical, religious and legal rules. The fundamental and basic roots of Islamic Sharia are: The Koran? which is a compilation of divinely ordained policies. The Sunna that includes the teachings of Prophet (Hadith), as well as an account of his proceeding and actions. Sharia is established on well-known concepts of equity and justice, and its practical effect in commercial matters is frequently the same as would be attained in Western law. â€Å"To say that the Shari’a should govern judicial decisions is to refer to a process rather than to specify a result. Shari’a itself includes different schools of thought on a number of legal issues. However, it is founded on familiar concepts of justice and equity, and the pra ctical result in commercial matters is often, though not always, the same as would be reached under Western jurisprudence† (United Arab Emirates par 257). For example, Sharia strives to provide effect to the party’s intention in matters of contract. On the other hand, the intention of the party may be in a different way construed by jurists in the two systems. For instance, one researcher has argued convincingly that in many cases? traditional Sharia would let go the parties

Reading and write essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reading and write - Essay Example It is vital to pay attention to this debate in regards for the future existence of the human race. As population keeps rising, the environment size remains constant. This leads to increased pressure on the natural resources found in the environment such as vegetation and minerals (Moseley, Lanegran & Pandit81). This scenario would result to a situation where the resources would become scarce to accommodate population. It is in this respect that it becomes vital to pay attention to this debate. As the population rises so to does the impact of human action on the environment. Human action such as industrial and agricultural revolutions has contributed to key impacts on the environment. Technological advancement has advanced food production as well as depletion of natural resources like minerals, biodiversity, and the global climate. It is vital that human beings think about the results that their actions leave on the environment. Population rise also leads to increase in waste producti on, which impacts on environmental degradation. Greater efforts need to be put in place to understand the relationship between population and environment. There are serious concerns on the results of population increase on local resources like water, soil, forests, pastures, fisheries and biodiversity. As the population keeps rising so to do humans encroach on other habitats (Moseley, Lanegran & Pandit 105). Population growth also results to development, which leads to expansion of human activities such as creation of industries and settlement areas. This development facilitated by population increase also results to encroachment of other habitats. Encroachment as a result of population rise threatens the existence of other animal and plant species. These species get forced to shift their natural habitats, and this may lead to their extinction. To create a balance in nature, there is the need for the existence of other species apart from the human race. The loss of biodiversity in t he environment posses a key threat to human beings. Population increase also contributes to climate change. Population increase may result to economic growth and development. Growth and development get characterized by technological advancement, industrial and agricultural revolutions (Moseley, Lanegran & Pandit 212). The development of industries ensures that carbon emissions impact on the climate by altering weather patterns. Population increase also results to increased pressure on environmental resources such as forests and water catchment areas. Pressure on such resources distorts the global water cycle and in turn results to climate change over time. Focus should get placed on developing sustainability between population and the environment. This concept seeks to address the issue of sustainable development. A balance should be struck between population increase and the environment. The sustainability concept seeks to address issues on population and resources, ecosystems, spe cies, and wastes. Sustainable development between population and the environment requires that focus be placed on policies and ethics by human beings. Policies should get created to protect the environment from negative human impacts. Policy makers such as governments and non governmental organizations need to develop strategies that would ensure synergistic relations between populatio

Free

Freedom of Speech Essay Originally rap music has been around since 1926 and was not as popular back then as it is now. Teenagers to adults listen to an average of two point five (2.5) maybe three (3) hours of music per day. Study shown in 1 of 3 of the songs played contains explicit language and reference to drugs alcohol or women. Ice Cube’s album entitled ‘Death Certificate’ sends messages that bluntly and descriptively threatens violence against homosexuals, women, whites who exploit blacks, whites who covet black women, Korean shopkeepers and police officers. Jon Pareles who wrote the article, ‘Should Ice Cube Voice be Chilled? ’argues from several different point of views on why Cube’s album should not be sold. The article also argues that his voice should be chilled because of violent lyrics and threats towards which it addresses. Jon Pareles made his argument by simply using different responses and groups to show why the album should not be sold and should be edited. For example, the Simon Wiesenthal Center is Jewish human rights group who demanded four major record stores chains to cease in selling the album. The called it ‘cultural Molotov cocktail’. After listening to it, the Center realizes how quickly this album is going to explode in the minds and ears of young and old listeners. Another example was ‘Black Korea’ which according to Ice Cube meant Korean shopkeepers who follow the customer throughout the store to ensure they do not steal. This section of the album did not just scratched below the surface but stirred a nationwide boycott. The Korean- American Coalition did not take this lightly, they condemned and deleted it. In an editorial review, a response by James Bernard favored censoring the lyrics because some people are too thin-skinned. Also, Mr. Bernard knew that these types of issue people are force to face on a day to day basis. Why did Ice Cube use such blunt and threatening lyrics? Ice Cube was born and raised in an area polluted with crime, violence and where trust was hidden underground. His inappropriate reactions and vengeance was all towards how he and his people were treated (bullied). Pareles describes this reaction of one that is simplistic and ugly because, this would not eradicate the problem but cause an escalation. The clear message of this album caught enough attention by the media and organizations to determine whether or not ‘Death Certificate’ should be heard at all. The question remains unanswered to curious critics, why are people buying ‘Death Certificate’. Some just savor the action like movie imagery that Ice Cube presents. His gift of violence attracts his listeners to buy the album. Ice Cube lyrics did have some effects on young listeners during the recession; gang involvement disillusioned. However, the majority of the listeners will just play loud music. Jon Pareles produced strong points from many different organizations, groups and individual views on why the album should be terminated. The writer never once critized Ice Cube but spectated his album as a whole. On the other hand, Pareles also agree that although Ice Cube does not have the most positive thinking, he has a right to be heard, but he is going to have to answer and be challenged for his thinking and decisions.

Red Badge of Courage :: essays research papers

Red Badge of Courage Book Report The main point in The Red Badge of Courage is Henry Flemings fear about how he will do in his first skrimish in the Civil War. Henry was a young man who lived on a farm with his mother. He dreamed about what fighting in a war would be like, and dreamed of being a hero. He dreamed of the battles of war, and of what it would be like to fight in those glorious battles. His mother was wise and caring. She did not want him to go to war. She gave him hundreds of reasons on why he was needed on the farm and not in the war. He didn't want to stay in the farm and do nothing, so he enlisted in the miliatary. After joining he found himself, with nothing to do. He became friends with two other soldiers, John Wilson and Jim Conklin. John was an obnoxious soldier, but he becomes one of Henry's best friends. Jim was tall, he was a childhood friend of Henry's. They all were exiceted about going to war. They started marching. After a few days Henry realized that they were going around in circles. They just continued marching without a reason. During this time Henry starts to think differently about war. He becomes scared about running away from a battle. Lieutenant Hasbrouck, a young lieutenant of Henry's regiment was an extremely brave man. He, unlike the other officers, cared about and defended his troops performance, and made sure that they got the recognition they deserved. He was a true leader and Henry and John wanted to be just like him. After a while, they finally discover a battle taking place. Jim gives Henry a yellow envelope with a packet inside. He is sure that he will die, and says that this will be his first and last battle. The troops manage to hold off the rebels during the first attack, but the rebels came back again and again with more reinforcements driving the soldiers back. Henry becomes scared, confuse, and goes into a trance when he sees his forces backing down. He finally gets up and starts to run like a "chicken", who has lost the direction of safety. After he has run away he starts to think about his actions. At first he thinks of himself as a coward for running, and later he feels that he was just saving himself for later. He thinks nature does not want him to die, eventhough his side was losing. He believed he was intelligent to run, and

Causes of WWI

Newspapers, literature, music, parades, propaganda, and theatre all fueled Nationalism Our nation is special, unique and superior Can not be defeated Our government and military will win any conflict Royal, politicians, and diplomats fueled this belief and pushed this belief Such hype ND arrogance led many to believe war was good, Inevitable, and would only prove their arrogant belief Europe had not seen War or experienced significant military loss for decades which only added to their misfiles Examples Many people like the British thought the war would be over in a matter of months Thought it was spiritual with God on your side†¦ ND war enthusiasm Felt entitled to more land Militarism Militarism AND THE EUROPEAN ARMS race were both contributing factors to WWW When a country decides to grow and focus on their military Spent a lot of money on weapons/defense Drafting folks into militaryThe dreadnought (battleship) LED TO THE WAR using power of weapons to destroy others Alliances made alliances even if they weren't â€Å"mad† at the other country 2) Sucked in other HUGE countries to help them in war 3) Led to world wide war Otherwise would've been local war Triple Alliance Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy Triple Entente Russia, France, Britain Imperialism Industrialism Building factors, big business's In order to be a successful factory, you needed materials Everybody wanted something, natural competition out of industrialization Hungry for resources, coal, tin, steel Mechanisms of war to buildCompetition over territory When Austria annexes Bosnia The blackhead didn't like it (Yugoslavian nationalists) Want their own kind of Serbian Yugoslavian empire Their way of saying how they disapprove is by assassinating Archduke Ferdinand June 24, 1918 Gabriel Principia Austria declares war on Serbia, as a result of the assassination because of the assassination Russia sides with Serbia Weapons of War Machine Guns Used as defensive weapon Took 4 men to opera te 1 gun Usually positioned on flat tripod Fired 400-600 rounds p minute Short burst shot Rapidly overeat without cooling mechanism (water)Had to carry large amounts of water to big battles IF they ran out of water, they would use urine Tanks Protected soldiers inside and behind Helped get people across â€Å"no-man's land† Awkward and uncomfortable but useful, but hot Poison Gas Burned skin Destroyed lungs Used them to put in trenches Gas might blow toward your men Trenches Weren't very hospitable Dug by soldiers who were going to fight No Man's Land Land between trench's Filled u=of bombs, mud, holes, barbed wire Health Giants rats, lice, cooties are body lice Rats and pests Weather Muddy and cold, trench foot (cool temp and wet foot) Deteriorating foot Salted meat and crackers Boredom Played cars, letters, go out and shoot rats Chores Soccer Game During Christmas Truce Traumas Trench foot Trench fever Sickness and disease Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PETS) Caused by bei ng in battle or war for an extended amount of time Also known as shell shock Suffer from nightmares and horrors Families were changed Soldiers came back and weren't the same Still have PETS through relatives dying Three Key Battles of WWW The Battle of Verdure Feb. 21-Deck 16 1916 Ten month battle BTW France and Germany Neither side gained much of an advantage Roughly half a million lost on each side No advantage for either side Battle of Jutland Naval battle Gave allies control of sea, British now had most powerful Ana Sea superiority America was supporting by sending supplies over ships Only major naval battle of WWW Meanwhile, Germany focuses on U-boat Children in War Girl scouts Raised cookies Collected peach pits for gas masks Made gardens Boy scouts Looked out for incoming ships Victory gardens with schools Red Cross Poems Motivations of a poet were the horrors and question their existence of God John Peal Bishop – were in the war and questioning GodJoyce Killer  œ why friends died and questioning God Archibald Manacles – talking about mother nature Woodrow Wilson President, reelected again for no war Reluctant to Join WWW He had to because of the Louisiana (ship that was sunk) Ship was sunk because USA was transporting Britain weapons and food Zimmerman Telegram German ambassador Sent coded message to Mexico that said: Join the war and you'll get land British coded it out and told USA Toward the end of the war, Willow's wrote document called â€Å"14 Points† that said to be a lasting peace and no more war Make a league of nations New George Washington† David Lloyd Jorge British prime Up to him to work with French Had to negotiate on how to work together Oversaw the building of the royal navy. ar (navy) Convoy is key – group of soldiers in unison Sent a bunch of ships, scouting, and looking for u boats If you can't keep supplies going to Europe, then your men will be out of food, bullets, medicine, and soldiers Geo rge Clemencies â€Å"Curious George† Key drafter in treaty of Versailles Much of French countryside was completely destroyed French suffered greatly since it was destroying their country Easy to point a finger on Curious George, now there was a reason to be mad at Paris was evacuated Mad at Germany, made sure Germany paid for the war Gassed by John Singer Sergeant Aftermath of a mustard gas attack Bravery of soldiers Wounded and dead soldiers all over the ground The soldiers have blindfolds over their eyes to try to protect their eyes from the burning gas Hispanics and Native Americans Lots of people had prejudices against people not white in the war Stereotype that certain type of people, considering their not white enough, as being unable to contribute Many Hispanics served (200,00) David Barley changed his name to go in front, blended inNative Americans were code talkers Anyone who could speak Chickasaws were pulled to send messages Letters and Interviews Hildebrand Scan N o money Hard to get Job Injured (one leg/arm) Many died from illness Flu was going through Lied to get in because thy wanted to fight so badly Myth of war was going to have a great experience Censored letters Didn't' want people to lose support Didn't want people to tell horrible experiences Squashes their spirits Always going to stay positive Economic and Social Aspects of World War I War bonds – whenever you buy a war bond, it gave money to the government so they loud use it on the army After the war, you would get a small interest back 20 Billion dollars Social aspects Private industries donated Woman in work force Black markets emerging Victories exaggerated for morale A lot of propaganda Women are going to get more Jobs then they ever had since so many men were overseas Social Effects Most went for heroism Gas warfare caused fear (mustard gas) for soldiers Restricted rights in Britain WWW government restricted people that they couldn't say bad stuff about the government Social Rights Huge propaganda Illegal to criticize gob Social Impact New field of occupation Health, manufacturing guns Better conditions Increase of nurses Increase of transport/services African Americans Thought it would give them better treatment and opportunity They split the blacks and whites into 92nd and 93rd infantry Weren't many blacks in the Ana Some fought alongside the French Awarded by French for their bravery Most women got factory Jobs and nurse Jobs Harlem Hellfire's It took them 4 trains and 2 ferries to transport black veterans Punished for killing people Race riot at camp Discrimination Wanted higher wages and better working conditionsThere was residential segregation Great Migration – blacks living in the south saw opportunities for better work and less racism up north Go up north and look for a place to live Said they were told by people that they can't live in a certain part of town Many blacks like Henry Johnson were given awards for how hard they fough t Blacks felt like they had to prove themselves The Treaty of Versailles End cap of war This treaty is so important in understanding WI Central Powers Germany – mil dead Austral-Hugger -1. 2 mil dead Turkey 325,000 dead Bulgaria – 100,000 dead Total losses – 8. 5 mil dead, 2. Mil wounded The Big Three David Lloyd George (Britain), Clemencies (France), and Woodrow Wilson (America) Italy had an alliance with Germany when the war started and remained neutral in the war until they finally sided with Allied forces This caused Italy to technically be the fourth Big country in the war, but were not involved in signing of the treaty much Russia had Just gotten out of â€Å"Stalin's Purge† > great loss David Lloyd George of Britain wanted Germany to be punished but he didn't not want to be kicked out of office for punishing to little.His goal was to punish Germany for their crimes but not o much Woodrow Wilson didn't want much movement in the treaty, he believed i t was up to Europe, but he still believed in punishing Germany The only thing he really wanted was a league of nations set in place in Europe, The league of Nation was a council of European countries working together Clemencies wanted revenge of Germany Terms of Treaty Military Terms Germany was to have a very limited army The army force was reduced to 100,00 men Only 6 naval ships No tanks No air force No gas weapons No heavy artillery General Terms of The Treaty Germany had to admit responsibility for the war meaning he had to pay all the image he caused, they had to pay over 6 mil 6 hundred pounds and the repair their own country. The league of nation was set up to keep the peace, but not the way Wilson wanted it to be The Germans only had two options, sign the treaty, or be invaded The treaty gave away 13. % of Germany's land to other countries and almost it all of it's colonies in other parts of world It also demoralized the western part of Germany for 1 5 years Sum: Germany ha d to take blame for the war and took away it's weapons Negotiation The treaty was negotiated from Jan 1919 to June 1919 The treaty had 15 parts and 440 articles IT ended the war officially on June 28 1919 The Germans started disobeying this disagreement in the sass's Hitler denounced treaty altogether in 1935 ON September 1, 1939 Hitler attacked Poland The impact of WWW on Women outside, dealing with forestry, service and cars, police force, nurses on the front line, fixing equipment, running messages, playing sports,†hello girl† – telephone operators, helped communication between trenches and lieutenants.Widowed, women had to adjust to man, (PETS) Juggle with career, kids,(single mom duty) Toward the end of the war, men come back and want all these Jobs back Women are old â€Å"it's your patriotic duty to go back home† forced to go back home Men in army want their Jobs back from blacks and women Because they played a key role in the economy, 19th amendment will be passed – right to vote Flu Pandemic 1918 and 1919 Originated from Spain, they called it the Spanish flu Kills more people than the war Roughly 20-40 million people died Conditions of warfare (training in facilities) going to forts and camps and the conditions that they live in are very congested If someone got the flu, it was easily caught Same thing in the trenches t Flu killed people within 24 hours, a lot of people survived, but more people diedPeople war masks to prevent from flu Resources were limited as to keeping up with the sick Schools, churches, gems, to lay out bodies and help people Doctors and nurses were in shortage Elevates to the point where your respiratory system and blood causes your system to fail How the US Got Ready for WWW Draft people (selective service act) Age 21-30 were drafted Some volunteered 3 million men served Dodge draft, religious reasons to not fight Raise money Liberty bonds Espionage Act – worried about others spying on us Go after people who aid the enemy German spies in US (terrorist from Germany) Sedition act Don't criticize government or the war effort Propaganda Committee of Public information Posters Movies Demonic or villainies Remember causes of war Harlem Hell fighters Most honored army Black people People had their own music Jazz) Jazz age came Women Women in WWW don't get much real attention Women did lots of munitions work Dangerous work, often lost fingers, could lose their life They were the ones who made sure the men overseas had bullets, shells, guns, and uniforms in which to fight. They pushed and moved heavy trucks Learned to mix chemicals Assemble airplanes Learned to weld and rivet Got to vote Operate machine tools

Interaction with teacher Essay

It was all what I wanted. It was what I dreamt of long before. But it was all taken for granted by the people around me. I was always the top student among all the six graders in our school, and due to that I am one of those whom they regards as their priceless gem because I always come up with something, like a new idea about a certain issue. I have been one of those sent for if there are contests. They say I act and think like an adult already. Not like any other regular students, I also happen to excel in sports and other curricular activities. I am also a runner. I have always been running on track since I was in grade three. I exerted much effort in it because it is my passion. Day after day I spend time in training and being exposed to tracks to win in future races but i never forget to maintain my good grades in my academics. In class, I have this very close teacher in Math. I also love Math at that time that is why I also like my teacher. It so happened that my Math teacher also happens to be our classroom adviser. Sometimes, after classes and I do not have any practice in the track, we always have chitchats and she would always advise me to pursue whatever dreams I have in mind and never to forget to remember the people around me that had help me in achieving things in life. She also told me not to be sidetracked and still give importance with my studies because that is the most important achievement in life. There were difficult times during my training but I still managed to persevere because I have a goal and that is to win. I never thought of quitting the training even how tired it gets. I continued to pursue my dreams and visions that one day I will reap my reward in due time if I will not fail and go frail. I can say that I am very determine and aggressive to reach my dreams that time. I think I just deserve every victory I get as i go along with my chosen path because of the diligence that I have manifested. Time came when I joined a race. Every people would know me would say that I have great chances of winning the first place because of my hard trainings and my trained skills. The event came and I was all set out to win the race but to my surprise, my coach talked to me in private and asked me not to win the first prize. I can be in second place or third place as long as I won’t be the champion. I was so devastated upon hearing this coming from my coach, my mentor, the one who served as my model. I wouldn’t know what to do. I was so troubled and kept thinking whether to agree and follow my coach or to go on the different way and achieve my dreams. It was the most difficult part of my life, to choose something that no one would be hurt. My conscience, my will to win and my loyalty to my coach we’re all fighting. What would I choose then? The event proper came, and the race started. I was on track and was leading. Many of my friends and families were all cheering for me. This made me more determined to go on faster and faster. The finish line is almost near when I remembered what my coach told me. My heart was beating as I saw the finish line. For the finish line would mean victory and success but for now, it meant devastation and tragedy for me. A few seconds before I reached the finish line I slowed down, giving the others opportunity to win. When I slowed down I noticed one girl who was always at my back during the track was now leading the race. Finally, the girl made it to the first place while I was the second placer. All my friends, families and relatives were all dismayed by what happened. They all expected that I would win the race. I was down and weary, to the point that it already affected my performance in school. I felt so ashamed and so coward for not fighting what is right. I have low self- esteem for quite some time and my grades got lower and lower. Then one Thursday afternoon, my Math teacher and classroom adviser called my attention. She and I talked in her office. I knew she was going to reprimand me for my poor performances at school. Well, at the back of my mind that time it was alright if she will reprimand me because I just deserve it. But to my surprise I was wrong, totally wrong. The moment I entered the room she smiled at me. Smile? Why would she smile to someone who is a loser? Then she offered me a seat. During those moments I am still very clueless on what would happen as we talk. Then she asked me if I am alright, so I said yes but I said it tears just fell on my eyes. She told me to be true to myself and whatever I feel I should share and let it out. So, I expressed my frustrations and everything that happened in the race. She told me that she understand why I was having low performances at school the past few weeks. But my life should not stop there. She told me that I am still very young and that many opportunities would still knock on my door and if that happens I should grab it immediately. She told me that everything happens for a reason and for a purpose that is to shape and mould us to become a much better person than what we are. She told me that my life should not end there because there is still so much in store for me in the future. Stubborn as I am, I told her that I do not want the future, what I want is now. She then answered me that I should live one day at a time and take one step at a time. With her words of wisdom, I was cheered. It really matters if you talk with someone who has a lot to say about life, like my teacher. I could not imagine that she would help me out because all along, I thought she was just a Math teacher, nothing more, but it was proven wrong. My teacher really touched my heart and transformed my life. After that talk, I started again and now with a positive outlook in life that no matter how I fall I should make a choice to rise up again. That was how I think even though I was just in sixth grade that time. Later it was found out that the father of the girl, who was the champion, paid my coach so that I won’t win at all. Imagine, all along my opponent knew that I was really something. They knew that I can really win the race that is why they were all threatened by my victory. I was a threat to everyone who was in the race that eventually made the father of the other girl bribe my coach to destroy my vision, my goals. But no matter how they put me down, the truth came out and it was on my side. Success, winning and victory are not about running a race after all. It is more of having a clear conscience that you made it that far because you never cheated, hurt anyone and stepped on other’s shoes for you own gain. I thank my teacher for the words of wisdom she has shared to me during the lowest point in my life. Teachers really do make a difference in this world. They are not just there to teach you academically but they are always there to support you and mould your being for you to become a better individual that every society dreams of having especially in this cruel world right now.

Definition and Examples of Dialect Prejudice

Definition and Examples of Dialect Prejudice Dialect prejudice is discrimination based on a persons dialect or way of speaking.  Dialect prejudice is a type of linguicism. Also called dialect discrimination. In the article Applied Social Dialectology, Adger and Christian observe that dialect prejudice is  endemic in public life, widely tolerated, and institutionalized in social enterprises that affect almost everyone, such as education and the media. There is limited knowledge about and little regard for linguistic study showing that all varieties of a language display systematicity and that the  elevated  social position of standard varieties has no scientific linguistic basis (Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of  Language and Society, 2006). Examples and Observations Some native-English speakers have had rich and/or school-like language experiences at home, and others have not. They bring dialect diversity to our classrooms. Dialects that vary from Standard English, such as Appalachian or  African-American Vernacular English (AAVE), are often stigmatized as improper or inferior English. However, professional linguists do not consider these varieties inferior because they conform to consistent rules, and speakers are fully able to express ideas using the dialect. Nevertheless, conscious or unconscious dialect prejudice is widespread, even among individuals who speak the variation.(Deborah G. Litt et al.,  Literacy Teacher Education: Principles and Effective Practices. Guilford, 2014)Responding to Dialect PrejudiceLanguage prejudices seem more resistant to change  than other kinds of prejudice. Members of the majority culture, the most powerful group, who would be quite willing to accept and champion equality in other social and educational d omains, may continue to reject the legitimacy of a dialect other than their own. . . . The high level of dialect prejudice found toward vernacular dialects by both mainstream and vernacular speakers is a fact that must be confronted honestly and openly by those involved in education about language and dialects.The key to attitudinal changes lies in developing a genuine respect for the integrity of the diverse varieties of English. Knowledge about dialects can reduce misconceptions about language in general and the accompanying negative attitudes about some dialects.(Carolyn Temple Adger, Walt Wolfram, and Donna Christian,  Dialects in Schools and Communities, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2007) Dialect Prejudice in British Schools- Language use is one of the last places where prejudice remains socially acceptable. It can even have official approval, as we see in attempts to suppress slang and dialects at school. . . .Banning words is not a sound educational strategy. As Michael Rosen points out, schools have been trying this for more than 100 years to no avail. Research shows that gradual transition towards standard English works better. But because dialect prejudice is so prevalent, this must be done in such a way that children understand there’s nothing inherently wrong with their natural expression. . . .There’s nowt wrong with regional dialects, nothing broke ass about slang. They’re part of our identities, connecting us to time, place, community, and self-image. They needn’t be displaced by formal Englishwe can have both.(Stan Carey, There’s Nowt Wrong With Dialects, Nothing Broke Ass About Slang. The Guardian [UK], May 3, 2016)- Soci olinguists have been fighting dialect prejudice since the 1960s, but negative and uninformed views about non-standard English are regaining currency in media and  educational  debates. Most recently, Carol Walker, headteacher of a Teesside primary school, wrote a letter to parents asking that they help tackle the problem posed by their childrens use of local dialect by correcting certain words, phrases and pronunciations associated with Teesside (including gizit ere and yous).Naturally, I support the schools aim of  teaching  pupils to use written standard English so that they can progress in future education and employment. However, focusing on speech will not improve their writing. . . .Ultimately, it is not the presence or absence of non-standard forms in  childrens  speech that raise educational issues; rather, picking on non-standard voices risks marginalising some children, and may make them less confident at school. Silencing pupils voices, even with the best inte ntions, is just not acceptable.(Julia Snell, Saying No to Gizit Is Plain Prejudice. The Independent, February 9, 2013) Variationist Sociolinguistics[William] Labov and [Peter] Trugdill were seminal figures in the emergence of a sub-field of sociolinguistics that has come to be known as variationist sociolinguistics. Variationist sociolinguists focus on variation in dialects and examine how this variation is structured. They have shown that linguistic difference has regularity and can be explained. Scholars in this field have been central figures in the fight against dialect prejudice. Speaking from a position of scholarly and scientific detachment (Labov 1982: 166), variationist sociolinguists have been able to show that the grammar of non-standard dialects is not wrong, lazy or inferior; it is simply different to standard English and should therefore be respected. Some of these researchers have worked directly with teachers and teacher trainers and have designed curriculum materials on language variation for use in the classroom.(Julia Snell, Linguistic Ethnographic Perspectives on Working-Class Chi ldrens Speech. Linguistic Ethnography: Interdisciplinary Explorations, ed. by Fiona Copland, Sara Shaw, and Julia Snell. Palgrave Macmillan, 2015) The Beginnings of Dialect PrejudiceIt is in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries that we witness the  beginnings of dialect prejudice; an early instance can be traced in the writings of a chronicler named John Trevisa, who complained  that the Northumbrian dialect was so scharp, slitting [biting] and frottynge [grating] and unshape [unshapely] that southerners like himself were unable to understand it. In the early seventeenth century, Alexander Gill, writing in Latin,  labelled Occidentalium (or Western dialect) the greatest barbarity and claimed that the English spoken by a Somerset farmer could easily be mistaken for a foreign language.Despite such remarks, the social stigmatization of dialect was not fully articulated before the eighteenth century, when a provincial  accent  became a badge of social and intellectual inferiority. In his Tour Thro the Whole Island of Great Britain (1724-27), Daniel Defoe reported his encounter with the boorish country speech of Devonknow n to the locals as jouringwhich was barely comprehensible to outsiders.(Simon Horobin,  How English Became English. Oxford University Press, 2016)

Inspirational Quotes for Thanksgiving

Inspirational Quotes for Thanksgiving Imagine a nation where people did not bother to express gratitude. Imagine a society devoid of benevolence and humility. Unlike what some people believe, Thanksgiving is not a binge fest. Yes, the meal is a bit much. The dinner table is usually groaning with the weight of the food. With the abundance of delicious food, it is understandable why people give their weighing scales a holiday. The underlying philosophy behind Thanksgiving celebration is to offer thanks to God. You dont realize how fortunate you are to be blessed with abundant food, and a loving family. Many people are not that lucky. Thanksgiving gives you an opportunity to express gratitude. Millions of American families will join their hands in prayer to say grace. Thanksgiving is integral to American culture. On Thanksgiving, say a prayer of thanks to the Almighty, for the bountiful gifts bestowed upon you. Many years ago, the Pilgrims of Plymouth did so. They shared their food with the natives of the land, who had helped them in times of misery. The tradition of sharing the Thanksgiving meal continues even today. In honor of that tradition, share your gifts with friends and family. Spread the message of gratitude and kindness with inspirational quotes for Thanksgiving. Your heartfelt words can inspire your loved ones to make Thanksgiving a festival of generosity and love. Change people forever with these inspiring words. Henry Ward Beecher Gratitude is the fairest blossom which springs from the soul. Henry Jacobsen Praise God even when you dont understand what He is doing. Thomas Fuller Gratitude is the least of the virtues, but ingratitude is the worst of vices. Irving Berlin Got no checkbooks, got no banks. Still Id like to express my thanks I got the sun in the morning and the moon at night. Odell Shepard For what I give, not what I take,For battle, not for victory,My prayer of thanks I make. G. A. Johnston Ross If I have enjoyed the hospitality of the Host of this universe, Who daily spreads a table in my sight, surely I cannot do less than acknowledge my dependence. Anne Frank I do not think of all the misery, but of the glory that remains. Go outside into the fields, nature and the sun, go out and seek happiness in yourself and in God. Think of the beauty that again and again discharges itself within and without you and be happy. Theodore Roosevelt Let us remember that, as much has been given us, much will be expected from us, and that true homage comes from the heart as well as from the lips, and shows itself in deeds. William Shakespeare Small cheer and great welcome makes a merry feast. Alice W. Brotherton Heap high the board with plenteous cheer and gather to the feast, And toast the sturdy Pilgrim band whose courage never ceased. H. W. Westermayer The pilgrims made seven times more graves than huts... nevertheless, set aside a day of thanksgiving. William Jennings Bryan On Thanksgiving Day we acknowledge our dependence. Hebrews 13:15 By him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of our lips giving thanks to his name. Edward Sandford Martin Thanksgiving Day comes, by statute, once a year; to the honest man it comes as frequently as the heart of gratitude will allow. Ralph Waldo Emerson For each new morning with its light,For rest and shelter of the night,For health and food, for love and friends,For everything Thy goodness sends. O. Henry There is one day that is ours. There is one day when all we Americans who are not self-made go back to the old home to eat saleratus biscuits and marvel how much nearer to the porch the old pump looks than it used to. Thanksgiving Day is the one day that is purely American. Cynthia Ozick We often take for granted the very things that most deserve our gratitude. Robert Casper Lintner Thanksgiving is nothing if not a glad and reverent lifting of the heart to God in honor and praise for His goodness. George Washington It is the duty of all Nations to acknowledge the providence of Almighty God, to obey his will, to be grateful for his benefits, and humbly to implore his protection and favor. Robert Quillen If you count all your assets, you always show a profit. Cicero A thankful heart is not only the greatest virtue, but the parent of all the other virtues.

Equity and Common Law Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Equity and Common Law Master - Essay Example When the common law developed the strictures of the writ system through the twelfth and thirteen centuries and failed to develop further remedies. By thirteen century aggrieved litigants to petition to the chancellor to find a more just solution to their problem. Chancellor was trying to give relief in hard cases, and the medieval chancellor was peculiarly well fitted for this work. Chancellor was usually an ecclesiastic. If the petition was successful, the chancellor's conclusion would usually be different from that which the common law court would have reached; otherwise the matter would have been litigant at common law. As a consequence of growth of these petitions, the Court of Chancery had developed, where the decisions were made on the basis of fairness and reason. Thus the notion of 'equity' was established as a precise jurisdiction. The common law tradition grew in to the ELS3 through a long process of rationalization of traditions, customs and local practices among other different elements most occurring in the medieval time. The Anglo-Saxon customs were there before the Norman Conquest, but afterwards were joined with Royal Justice in a consolidation of 'local laws' and a vast body of judicial decisions have been built up which forms much of the present law. The common law has developed by the judges during the centuries immediately after the Norman Conquest. Customs have long influence since ceased to be any major significance in forming new laws. Slapper, G. and D. Kelly (2006) said that the common law system develops whereby a civil dispute had to be brought before the appropriate Royal Court by a writ. A claimant could only sue at common law if his complaint came within the scope of an existing writ. In the thirteen century available writs covered very narrow ground. Even if the claim came within the scope of an existing writ, it may have been that for some reason, such as the power and influence of the defendant, his opponent could not get justice before a common law court. Latter the petition was used to obtain relief in cases where the common law was inflexible and incapable of providing a remedy. Hanbury & Martin (2005) argued that the common law developed into a comprehensive system, but a litigant could only sue at common law if his complaint came within the scope of an existing writ. However, the systems quickly become rigid because judges, fearing a flood at actions as a result of the popularity of the royal justice , stopped issuing new forms of action. As a result, this attitude proved to be a majored obstacle to the development of new rules and principles. Initially this overlapping of the two systems led to conflict. The common law courts would make an order in favour of one party and the Court of Chancery would make an order in favour of other party. This conflict was finally resolved in the Earl of Oxford's case4 when the King ruled that equity should prevail. In this case the court of common law ordered the payment of a debt. The debt had already been paid, but the deed giving rise to the obligation had not been cancelled. The court of equity was prepared to grant an order prevent in this and rectifying the deed. Some limited steps were taken

SOCIOLOGY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SOCIOLOGY - Essay Example Life is much more convenient as compared to the earlier eras, where only a few could afford telephones and could communicate but today cell phones are part of life and it has made an individual approachable. Although television has set the platform for all sorts of information required for different aspects of life but I disagree in the sense that it is also deteriorating the cultural norms of the society as there are certain unacceptable scenes that are forbidden for family shows. Giving it a different view point that if there is an introduction of discipline in home regarding timings to watch television, there could be enough time for the family interaction may it be the topic of personal development or creating awareness about the happenings around the world. This will preserve the decline of cultural values too. "Yes, I agree that internet services across the world has made the accessibility of documents within a few seconds and offers a platform for interaction amongst individua ls across the globe, but at the same time it is making children to access those sites which are prohibited for them". It is therefore imperative to understand Globalization from different perspective, where a deep understanding about globalization is desired. An individual must understand it in a highly disciplined manner.