Early Childhood Education And Care - 1751 Words

Early childhood education and care is defined as the educational programs and strategies geared towards children from birth to the age of eight, these cover both prior-to-school learning and the early years of primary school (Ailwood, Boyd, Theobald 2016). Early childhood settings are often known to be long day cares, occasional care, family day care, preschools and kindergartens (Early Years Learning Framework 2009 page 8). These environments are safe, caring, welcoming environments that promote learning in a child’s mind by encouraging the use of real life scenarios. Lev Vygotsky observed this in his own daughter, he once said that â€Å"play is defined by the presence of an imaginary situation, where children change the meaning of actions and subjects to give them a new sense† (Colliver and Fleer 2016). In education pedagogy’s today, there are many theories that are involved in the way we teach children every day. Theorists such as Doctor Maria Montessori, Howard Gardner, Erik Ericson and Burrhus Frederic (B.F) Skinner have influenced modern day education and the standard curriculum by introducing and encouraging their theories, theories such as operant conditioning by B.F Skinner, or Howard Gardner’s theory of the multiple intelligences. Each of these play their own roles in every classroom in the form of teaching plans and disciplinary methods. Focusing on the concept of cognitive development and how it relates with play-based learning, research shows that play can beShow MoreRelatedEarly Childhood Education More About Care Than Education Essay1872 Words   |  8 Pages Is early childhood education more about care than education? Is early childhood more about free-play than learning? The late 1980s saw the campaign for quality early childhood education and is now seen as a site for early intervention and for the maximisation of the child’s potential from the earliest possible age (Duhn, 2009). 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Americ Land Of Oppression - 1175 Words

America: Land of Oppression Strobe lights overwhelm the shadowy streets with blue in Atlanta, on the 11th of November. The epileptic flashing is unstartling as more authorize forces speed towards the protest; their sirens blare begging for attention. People of various races, religions, and ethnic backgrounds are in attendance with passionate concerns over the future prosperity and equality of the country that belongs to them too. Amongst the crowd, people carry cardboard signs that ache their arms, some stomp with the iconic two finger symbol of peace, while others spectate from their high-rise apartments, cheering and waving their support. The protest is mass with many differing and numerous causes of dissatisfaction, but a commonly shared opinion causes the underlying discontent: the president-elect is not supportive of the multiple demographics that compose the United States. There is a feeling of underrepresentation from these minority groups who have been long overlooked in politics. The protest is not a c ry for help but a demand for change. The massive police force surrounds the protesters attempting to block their march. This border between the two opposing sides is a symbolic reminder of the ongoing power struggle, of the endless fight— The powerless is to be heard, for at least tonight. This protest is a current event, but the issues that fuel it are not a current problem. It would be simple to regard protests such as these unnecessary, but the root of the

Greek Drama Essay Example For Students

Greek Drama Essay The history of European theater begins with the Greeks, whose annual festivals in honor of the god Dionysus included competitions in tragic and comical plays. According to tradition, the first of these dramatic forms evolved from choral songs concerning the death and resurrection of Dionysus. This occurred about the middle of the 6th century BC, when Thespis of Icaria, in a drama of his own composition, impersonated a character and engaged the chorus in dialogue, thereby becoming both the first playwright and the first actor. Thespis won first prize in the initial tragedy competition held at Athens in 534 BC and is also credited with the introduction of masks, which were thereafter a conventional feature of Greek and Roman theater. The tragic writers, Aeschylus and Sophocles later added a second and a third actor to tragedy, and about the beginning of the 5th century BC comedy was given written form by Epicharmus of Syracuse and was also admitted to the festivals. The ancient chorus was retained as an integral part of Greek drama and eventually consisted of a standard number of members: 15 in tragedy and 24 in comedy. In a satire play, a short burlesque that dramatists were expected to submit along with their tragedies, the chorus comprised either 12 or 15 members. Men played all of the roles; women were not allowed to perform in the Greek theater. The early Greek playwrights not only wrote and frequently acted in their plays but also served as directors and choreographers; some may also have composed their own music (Greek tragedy was intensely musical). Sophocles is said to have been a scene designer and Aeschylus to invent the tragic costume. Tragic actors wore a tight-sleeved, belted, patterned tunic; a variety of cloaks over the tunic; boot, which in later periods became exaggeratedly elevated by the addition of a wooden platform to the sole; and the helmet-like mask with attached wig, in which the forehead elevation was proportional to the social status of the character represented. The original Greek theater at Athens was simply a large circle known as the orchestra (dancing place). Here the chorus and early plays of Thespis and Aeschylus were staged, while spectators sat on seats set into the southern slope of the Acropolis. The only scenery consisted of a few set pieces such as tombs and rocks, and it was not until abo ut 460 BC that a stage building, originally of wood, was added at the rear of the orchestra. The actors then made their entrances and exits through this structure, although the chorus continued to enter from the sides and the acting was still confined to the flat orchestra. A limited amount of scenery, painted on panels attached to the stage building, may have been used at this time, and several special effects and machines were available. The playwright Euripides was fond of both these devices, and his contemporary Aristophanes ridiculed his use of them in several of his comedies. By the 4th century BC the playwright no longer controlled all aspects of production. The Greek theater had become a professional institution with specialists responsible for the various aspects of theatrical art. In the next two centuries, during the Hellenistic Age, the physical structure of the theater continued to evolve, the most notable innovation being the addition of a raised stage to the building, where most of the acting took place.

Outline the main events of Acts underlining the universality of Christianity Essay Example Essay Example

Outline the main events of Acts underlining the universality of Christianity Essay Example Paper Outline the main events of Acts underlining the universality of Christianity Essay Introduction ‘Outline the main events of Acts underlining the universality of Christianity and show how these challenge Christians in the modern world to respond to racism and sectarianism.’ The universal outreach of the Church is an important theme of the Acts of the Apostles. The early Christian Church is traced from its earliest roots in Jerusalem after Pentecost to the progress of the gospel to the â€Å"ends of the earth.† Acts gradually unveils the new Christian faith as universal for both Jews and Gentiles and confirms that it is not simply a Jewish sect. Racism is a form of discrimination. It happens when a person or a group of people are treated badly simply because of their race or where they come from. Racism can occur at a personal, cultural, structural level. There are people from over 160 different nationalities living in Ireland today yet racism still occurs from day to day all over the country. Sectarianism can be defined as prejudice or discrimination based on religion or cultural association. The purpose of this assignment is to examine the growing problem in our society and to see how Acts challenges Christians to deal with these problems. Outline the main events of Acts underlining the universality of Christianity Essay Body Paragraphs Jesus’ words before his ascension defined the universal nature of the mission, Jesus said â€Å"You will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you, and you will be witnesses in Jerusalem, throughout Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth† (Acts 1:8). The words â€Å"to the ends of the earth† inform us that Christianity was for the whole the world and not one nation or culture. It was to reach beyond Jews in Jerusalem. Christianity is distinct from Judaism. It does not promote exclusivist behaviour rather it is an inclusive faith regardless of race, gender etc. It is embracing and welcoming to all who have faith in Jesus Christ. Pentecost is a symbol of this unity where many people from diverse backgrounds and nationalities gather. When they receive the gifts of the Holy Spirit, each one of them is able to speak in different languages. This is very significant as God wanted everyone to hear his message so he give the apostles power to speak in dif ferent languages, in doing this it is clear that God intended the scope of the gospel message to be world wide. â€Å"Pentecost symbolises a new unity in the Spirit transcending racial, nation and linguistic barriers† (J.W Stott). Pentecost is a great example to Christians today as it stresses the accord and unity of all people. There is a challenge for Christians today to treat all people equal. On a personal level, I discovered 3 years ago that I had entrenched prejudices. My family and I travelled abroad on holidays for the first time. I was 14 years old and we went to Salou in Spain. I was naturally excited but nervous because I could usually make friends with people very easily on holidays, as we would only travel to somewhere in Ireland. This time various cultures and races would be present. Most of the population of the hotel seemed to be English and I thought that because I was Irish I would not give any of them a chance. Looking back now I see a link between the beha viour of myself and the prejudice between the Jews towards Christians in Acts 3-5. On the second day of my holiday I was playing alone in the games ground and was approached by a young black male wearing an England jersey, I found out his name was Ali and we talked and although our backgrounds couldn’t have been more different we became good friends. I learned that I was intolerant and prejudice against other races when I went to Spain, because of the history between Ireland and England I felt that all English were all the same. Ali was of a different race but it didn’t matter to me and we would often make jokes about which was the better team, Celtic or Rangers? Today as I write this, Celtic and Rangers face off in the Scottish League and researching I found that the recent statistics for Old Firm games suggest that at every game there will be a handful of attempted murder attempts, scores of assaults and many casualties throughout the city, some of whom are people ju st unfortunate enough to get caught up in football’s troubles. On occasion there will also be death. I found it impossible to believe we could joke about this whereas back in Northern Ireland and in Scotland people get murdered simply because of it. I learnt a lot from this experience and fully appreciate the importance of equality and acceptance of all people. The organisation Accord promotes good community relations between all members of the community. Through regular meetings, activities and outings people are encouraged to discard their prejudices just like Saul did in Acts and learn to communicate with people of different religions and religious backgrounds. Stephen was one of the seven deacons and a victim of sectarianism; he was stoned to death by the people who did not accept his religious views. When Stephen was filled with the Holy Spirit he began working great wonders amongst the people but members of the Hellenist synagogue opposed his religious views. No-one cou ld withstand his arguments and so the Jews resorted to force and Stephen was arrested and taken before the Sanhedrin. His career was to be short; but he was the first to see that Christianity was not just for the Jews but was God’s offer to the entire world. Stephens’s speech shows the universal nature of the gospel. This is a powerful example of how Christians today can live the word of God. Especially now in Northern Ireland, Stephens’s actions can challenge both Catholics and Protestants to put behind them the violence of the past and help them work together to build a better world without sectarianism, a place were all people are equal. Before Stephen is sentenced to death he wants everyone to know that the gospel is universal for all Christians, he also forgive his executers. Stephen’s speech has significance even today for all Christians, ‘Stephen’s speech from the beginning to end sums up that the presence of God is not restricted to o ne building or one land’ (Bruce 1977 p141f) underling the universality of Christianity and setting an example for Christians today. In Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, on Remembrance Sunday 1987; a bomb went of that killed eleven people and injured many more. It could have provoked a response of anger and revenge; instead what emerged was a dignity that reflected tolerance, understanding and reconciliation – the Spirit of Enniskillen. The way Stephen dealt with the problems of racism and sectarianism can be brought in connection to the Spirit of Enniskillen trust programme, both responded to the problems of Sectarianism and Racism in a non violent way, instead by encouraging people to broaden their horizons and experiencing community divisions, where they gain first hand experience of how people from different backgrounds are learning to live together and putting it into practice in their own lives underlining the universality of Christianity and is a lesson for all Chri stians today. In Acts Chapter 9 Saul (formerly racist and sectarian) was converted with the Holy Spirit and Saul the persecutor becomes Paul the apostle to the Gentiles. Before his conversion, Saul made efforts to suppress Christians and was very hostile towards them and persecuted many. â€Å".Saul, still breathing murderous threats against the disciples of the Lord.† By comparison Saul could be connected with today’s Osama Bin Laden or Hitler from the past. Saul’s conversion reveals that God was not happy that he was a racist and sectarian and that his actions and were wrong. Christians today realise that God is against racism and sectarianism and Christianity is universal and for all nations. Saul’s conversion challenges us Christians to understand the importance of recognising the importance of unity and solidarity among all Christians because all are equal and Jesus give up his life for each and everyone of us. Saul’s conversion had a major si gnificance for the early Church because if it wasn’t for Saul Christianity would not have spread so far and it his conversion has great relevance for today because it shows us that there is hope for even the most sectarian or racist and it is never to late to turn to God and repent. In Northern Ireland there has been damaging effects of sectarianism. We are submerged in our own religious prejudices resulting in ignorance and fear of other communities and a lack of respect and intolerance for others religious and political beliefs, not to mention the hundreds of lives taken over the past 30 years. In Northern Ireland we live in a world of hatred and discrimination, similar to Saul’s behaviour towards Christians. Paul is a great example of how people can change and this encourages us to respond to the sectarian world we live in today the way we behave in Northern Ireland and all over the world. The best example for Christians in Northern Ireland today is David Ervine, fo rmerly of the UVF who spent 13 years in prison for his terrorist-related crimes but changed his ways and went on to head the Progressive Union Party making progressive links for peace in Northern Ireland and played a major role in the Good Friday Agreement. David Irvine similarly to Saul was sectarian but converted and changed his ways, both men setting an example for Christians. Christians today can learn from them to put aside their hatred with the help of the Holy Spirit, convert and repent to become better Christians and strive for a better world without Sectarianism or Racism. In conclusion, Acts shows us that Christianity has been set out for all, a universal and inclusive Church. Both sectarianism and racism were prevalent in the early days as it still is today. Yet the actions of the early Christians in particular Stephen and Paul challenge us Christians today to respond to racism and sectarianism. Paul who was both racist and sectarian was converted and he became responsibl e for the outreach of the Church, he realised the Church was for everyone and without him the Church may never have reached its worldwide status. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline the main events of Acts underlining the universality of Christianity Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Outline the main events of Acts underlining the universality of Christianity Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Outline the main events of Acts underlining the universality of Christianity Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer